Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus treatment involves a complex approach which include the correct diagnosis, classification of the Type of diabetes and approaching it correctly.

There are 3 main types of Diabetes Mellitus Listed Here. There are two main ways in which diabetes Mellitus is managed:

1. Non-Pharmacological Treatment
2. Pharmacological treatment.

Non Pharmacological Treatment

The non-pharmacological treatment of diabetes involves lifestyle and diet changes which help the body in dealing with High Blood sugar. The aim is to decrease the high blood sugar and increase insulin sensitivity in the case of Type 2 Diabetes.

The following Practices help in controlling blood Sugar:

• Good diet: The diet of a diabetic person should be low in Starch and Empty calories food like carbonated drinks (soda), white bread and pasta. It should be rich in fresh vegetables and fruit. They should eat small frequent meals instead of few large meals
• Weight loss: weight loss is very important for both Diabetic and non-Diabetic people. It helps in reducing the damage caused by high blood sugar and also help in reducing High blood pressure. There are many more dangers of Obesity and overweight. The best way to lose weight is to combine both exercise and a good diet.
•  Exercise: is very important in Diabetic people. It helps in weight loss and increasing Insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. No one is too fat, too young or too old to exercise. Any exercise can be walking or running depending on the age and comfort. Some people prefer indoor gym and cardio-exercising.

Pharmacological Treatment

The pharmacological treatment involves the use of prescribed drugs by a Medical Professional. Again the appropriate Medication will depend on the type of Diabetes.

Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is insulin injection. The type of insulin used in this case is a Short acting insulin, which is injected 30 minutes before each meal. Anyone who is using insulin is encouraged to have a blood glucose machine at home so they can regularly check their glucose and be able to do home monitoring if necessary. Insulin is not available in Tablet form because it get destroyed by the stomach if swallowed.

For Type 2 Diabetes, the pharmacological treatment is tablets taken orally (by mouth). The first drug that is commonly used is a Biguanide like Metformin, then if it is not working other classes of drugs are added. When all the oral treatment is not working, the Doctor then decides to add insulin on top of the medication used.

Gestational Diabetes is treated with insulin and Metformin. Other types of drugs are Teratogenic.